The Carolinas have a lot to lose and some to gain in President Barack Obama's proposed 2013 federal budget, even though expectations are the budget won't pass.

Possible losses:

An estimated $487 billion in defense spending cuts over 10 years could include reductions in forces at Fort Bragg and Camp Lejeune. The ripple effect is expected to drive some small contractors and small businesses that depend on the military out of the market.

Cuts in the direct payments made to N.C. growers of subsidized crops, such as cotton, corn and wheat. North Carolina growers received $65 million in direct payments in 2010, according to the Environmental Working Group.

$300,000 in grants used to keep the state's beaches clean as part of the efforts to end the Environmental Protection Agency's $10 million beach grant program.

Shutting down the Charleston Marine Support Facility at the former Charleston Naval Base.

The facility is the home port for two research ships of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Ronald H. Brown and the Nancy Foster.

Those ships would dock at Norfolk, Va., under a broader NOAA consolidation plan.

The National Weather Service's forecast office in North Charleston, also part of NOAA, would remain open.

Possible gains:

More money for education. Obama proposed increasing Race to the Top money, awarded to states that push education reform, to $850 million. North Carolina has received two Race to the Top grants - $70 million last year for pre-K education programs and $400 million in 2010 for improving K-12 graduation rates, and college preparedness and enrollment.

North Carolina's 850,000 community college students could benefit from a new $8 billion proposal to support partnerships between community colleges and businesses training American workers.

An additional $3.5 million to explore deepening the Charleston port from 45 feet to 50 feet. That's needed to accommodate giant cargo ships that will arrive along the Atlantic seaboard after the Panama Canal widening is done in 2014.

The new money would come on top of $2.5 million the Army Corps of Engineers allocated last week for the same project.

Charleston is competing with Savannah and other Atlantic ports for deepening funds.

$807 million for nuclear waste cleanup at the Savannah River Site in Aiken County, S.C., plus almost $570 million to continue a Mixed Oxide Fuel plant at SRS to help convert 34 tons of weapons-grade plutonium from Russia.